The Jungle Book-1967

Production and Technology
  • Released in 1967 by Walt Disney Productions.
  • Created at Walt Disney Studios in California as it was cheaper for the company to use their own studios.
  • Disney's animation studio had been responsible for developing many of the techniques and ways that became standard practices of traditional cel animation, pioneering the art of story-boarding and developing the use of the multi-plane to create an early 3D like effect.
  • Disney's personal control of the whole studio affected all stages of production and distribution.
  • Before the production of The Jungle Book, Disney streamlined the jobs in the companies, an example is that the story-man Bill Pete completed a job that was usually done by 40 people by himself.
Cel Animation-

  • Animation cel (mouths etc.)
  • Hold cel (character 2)
  • Hold cel (character 1)
  • Background layer
  • Jungle Book was the final film that Walt Disney worked on before his death.
  • Disney became more personally involved in the film due to the flop of the Sword in the Stone which came before.
  • It was based on the book by Rudyard Kipling.
  • The script was too dark for family audiences so was changed by new writer Larry Clemmons.
  •  The drawings were based on the actors and their personalities.
  • Directed by Wolfgang Reitherman.
  • Some characters were cut out during the development process.
  • The wolf cubs were based on the dogs in 101 Dalmatians.
  • Backgrounds were hand painted, except for a waterfall which was actual footage of Angel Falls in Venezuela.
  • Cel animation was patented by Earl Hurd in 1914.
  • The Jungle Book also used Xerography which copied the images like a photocopier instead of the artists having to trace them.
  • Cel animation was getting expensive and time consuming so The Jungle Book was one of the last films to use it.

Ownership, distribution and marketing

Pre-production- Storyboarding, script writing, casting, funding
Production- Filming
Post-production- Editing, sound design (composing etc.)
Released- Theatres (theatrical etc.), straight to DVD, online.
  • Disney's company diversified in the 1950s through theme parks, television series and live action films.
  • Before The Jungle Book Walt Disney was less involved in the making of his films, but was more cautious due to the flop of the Sword in the Stone and the fact that he really didn't like 101 Dalmatians.
  • The jazz music used in the Orang-utan scene was seen as racist as jazz music is seen as a strong element of Black culture, and the use of the ape was seen as offensive.
  • In the USA, the Jungle Book was re released 3 times after its initial release. This made Disney more money from the film.
  • Walt Disney said he would rather the film be a flop than for it not to be made well.
  • The budget was $4 million and made $141 million gross in the USA.
  • It is Germany's highest grossing film of all time.
  • It was released on VHS in 1991 and in 1993 in the UK. It was released on DVD in 2007.
  • Occasionally Disney films are 'Vaulted' meaning they are not available which increases the demand, which makes the company more money when the films are re released.
  • The vinyl soundtrack to the Jungle Book was the first to receive gold status for an animated film.
  • Also has been released on digital download.
  • There is a second live action version of the film released in 1994, and The Jungle Book 2 was released in 2003.
  • Vertical Integration- Owns every aspect of the business such as production, distribution and the studios that the film is made in.
  • Disney owns Buena Vista Distribution company which has distributed a lot of the Disney films.
  • After Disney's death, there was a decline in success at Disney showing that Walt's input was crucial to the success of the business.
Regulation
The main regulatory issues relating to Jungle Book are copyright and classification or certification.

The film, music, script, character design, performance, Disney logo, DVD cover design etc are all affected by the copyright in one way or another. The US Copyright Amendment Act of 1998 gave protection for works published before January 1, 1978, increasing coverage works of ‘Corporate authorship’ by 20 years to a total of 95 years from their publication date. This amendment to the copyright law had been actively lobbied for by Walt Disney Company since 1990 and this extension of copyright delayed the entry into the public domain of the earliest Mickey Mouse movies, hence the Act’s nickname, ‘The Mickey Mouse Protection Act’.

Copyright law is essential so that your original artwork is not stolen and reproduced for someone else to gain profit.

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